Design of Monitoring Dashboard for Mining Pump with Design Thinking and Acceptance Analysis with Technology Acceptance Model

Abstract

PT SBS is a pump manufacturing company that conducts Factory Acceptance Tests (FAT) prior to field deployment. Current FAT procedures require personnel to physically enter hazardous zones generating three fundamental problems: high occupational safety risks, low data validity from human and parallax error, and limited information transparency for customers. This research designs a SCADA-based monitoring system using Design Thinking as the design methodology and the Technology Acceptance Model extended with TAM3 external variables as the technology acceptance evaluation framework. Design Thinking was applied through five stages (Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, Test) using Node-RED, while acceptance evaluation utilized questionnaires from 60 PT SBS workshop employees analyzed via PLS-SEM using SmartPLS 4. Design Thinking produced a SCADA dashboard eliminating the requirement for operators to enter hazardous zones during testing. TAM evaluation confirmed all 26 indicators are valid (AVE > 0.50) and reliable (α > 0.80). The model explains 72.1% of Actual Usage variance. Attitude Toward Using is the sole direct predictor of Actual Usage (β = 0.849; f² = 0.882, large effect), fully mediated by PU (β = 0.454; p = 0.000) and PEOU (p = 0.005). Technology Self-Efficacy is the strongest predictor of PEOU among external variables (β = 0.494; p = 0.000), followed by Perceived Enjoyment (β = 0.270; p = 0.004). Perception of External Control and Technology Anxiety were not significant. This research concludes that integrating Design Thinking and TAM produces a system well-accepted across all user levels, with occupational safety motivation

  as the primary driver of actual usage.