Perspective of delayed Hypersensitivity: A review

Nnodim Johnkennedy; Njoku-Obi Treasure; Bako Hauwa

doi:10.37899/journallamedihealtico.v3i2.623

Nnodim Johnkennedy Department Of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty Of Health Science, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria
Njoku-Obi Treasure Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Imo State University Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
Bako Hauwa Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Kaduna State Nigeria

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37899/journallamedihealtico.v3i2.623

Keywords: Perspective, Delayed Hypersensitivity, Reaction

Abstract

T cells enter tissues and are activated by antigen-presenting cells to produce cytokines that cause inflammation in the local area. In allergic contact dermatitis, drug eruptions, asthma, and autoimmune disorders, CD8+ T lymphocytes mediate DTH reactions. As an example of this type IV hypersensitivity, chronic DTH reactions, contact hypersensitivity, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis are all examples. Infiltration of an antigen-exposed region by Th1 cells and macrophages, which inflict tissue damage, is the primary cause of the delayed onset of symptoms. It has thus been outlined that this delayed hypersensitivity reaction.

References

Bahwere P, James P, Abdissa A, Getu Y, Getnet Y, Sadler K, & Girma T. (2017). Use of tuberculin skin test for assessment of immune recovery among previously malnourished children in Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 07. 10(1):570.

Bansal R, & Sharma P. K. (2012). Exaggerated Mantoux reaction in a case of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Indian J Tuberc. 59(3):171-3.

Druszczynska. M, Wlodarczyk. M, Kielnierowski. G, Seweryn. M, Wawrocki S, Rudnicka W. (2017). CD14-159C/T polymorphism in the development of delayed skin hypersensitivity to tuberculin. PLoS One.12(12):e0190106.

Friedmann, P. S. (1989). Contact hypersensitivity. Curr Opin Immunol 1:690–693

Galvan-Blasco P, Guilarte M, Cardona V, Labrador-Horrillo M, Sala-Cunill A, Gil-Serrano I. J, Luengo O.(2019). Delayed drug hypersensitivity to bortezomib: Desensitization and tolerance to its analogue carfilzomib. Allergy. 74(7):1384-13

Godfrey H, Gell P. H. (1978). Cellular and molecular events in the delayed onset hypersensitivities. Rev Physiol Biochem Exp Pharmacol 84:1–32

Kanani A, Schellenberg R, & Warrington R. (2011). Urticaria and angioedema. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 7 (Suppl 1): p.S9.

Li. N, & Shi R. H. (2018). Updated review on immune factors in pathogenesis of Crohn's disease. World J Gastroenterol. 07. 24(1):15-22.

Mahler V, Geier J, & Schnuch A. (2014). Current trends in patch testing - new data from the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG) and the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK). J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 212(7):583-92.

Mills A. T, D, Sice P. J. A, Ford S. M. (2013). Anaesthesia-related anaphylaxis: investigation and follow-up. Contin Educ Anaesth Crit Care Pain. 14 (2): p.57-62.

Polak L, Barnes J. M, Turk J. L, (1968) The genetic control of contact sensitisation to inorganic metal compounds in guinea pigs. Immunology 14:707–7114.

Poulter L. W, Seymour G. J, Duke O, Janossy G, Panay G. (1982). Immunohistochemical analysis of delayed-type hypersensitivity in man. Cell Immunol 74:358–369

Riedel M. A, & Casillas A. M. (2003). Adverse Drug Reactions: Types and Treatment Options. Am Fam Physician. 68 (9): p.1781-1791.

Thangaraju P, & Venkatesan S. (2018). Leprosy in Children: Needs for Active Intervention. Chin Med J (Engl). 05. 131(11):1385

Wen W. L, Tsai K. B, Lin Y. H, Hwang S. J, Hsiao P. J, Shin S. J, Hung W. W. (2019). Successful management of type IV hypersensitivity reactions to human insulin analogue with injecting mixtures of biphasic insulin as part and dexamethasone. J Formos Med Assoc. 118(4):843-848.