Pedagogy, Personality, and Proficiency: Disentangling the Effects of Character-Creativity Instruction and Instructor Qualifications on Student Achievement in Program Design Methodology

  • Hardjito S. Darmojo Universitas Islam Syekh-Yusuf, Tangerang, Indonesia
  • Partono Siswosuharjo Universitas Muhammadiyah Banten, Serang, Indonesia
  • M Adila Rossa Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Al-Bahra Universitas Raharja, Tangerang, Indonesia
  • Abdul Qohar Universitas Raharja, Tangerang, Indonesia
Keywords: Pedagogy, Personality, Proficiency, Student Achievement, Program Design Methodology

Abstract

This research advances a more integrative model of programming education. It challenges the enduring myth that programming is solely a “hard skill” domain governed by innate logic, and instead positions it as a socio-cognitive-ethical practice shaped by how and by whom it is taught. This study employs a quasi-experimental, non-equivalent control group design with pretest–posttest measurements to examine the independent and interactive effects of two key predictors Character-Creativity Instruction (CCI) and instructor qualifications on student achievement in a foundational Program Design Methodology course. The finding that mathematical-logical ability explains only 22.3% of variance in programming achievement; Our moderation analysis reveals a crucial insight: pedagogical innovation is not self-actualizing. CCI’s efficacy is contingent upon the instructor’s capacity to enact it meaningfully; The large effect sizes observed in higher-order competencies such as algorithmic design and problem decomposition challenge the artificial dichotomy between “hard” technical skills and “soft” human attributes; Practically, our findings advocate for a dual investment strategy that is curriculum reform and Faculty development. The conclusion is these findings dismantle the persistent “math myth” in computing education and reframe programming as a socio-cognitive-ethical practice where character, creativity, and teaching quality are not peripheral “soft skills,” but core determinants of technical mastery

References

Afrita, M., & Darussyamsu, R. (2020). Validitas Instrumen Tes Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi (HOTS) Pada Materi Sistem Respirasi Di Kelas XI SMA. Journal of Mangifera Edu, 4(2), 129–142. https://doi.org/10.31943/mangiferaedu.v4i2.83

Andriyatno, I., Tamba, R. S. H., Riandi, R., & Supriatno, B. (2023). Inovasi Model Pembelajaran Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Menggunakan Teknologi Nearpod Dan Bank Sampah Digital Pada Materi Perubahan Lingkungan. Jurnal Basicedu, 7(3), 1549–1561. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v7i3.5458

Aspandi, A., & Muttaqin, M. A. (2025). Transforming Teacher Roles in Indonesia’s Digital Era: Enhancing Learning Effectiveness and Student Engagement. Journal of General Education and Humanities, 4(4), 1495-1510. https://doi.org/10.58421/gehu.v4i4.616

Baig, A. K., Ishtiaq, U., Ishtiaque, Z., & Iqbal, U. (2026). Content-Based Video Retrieval: A Comprehensive Review of Methods, Frameworks, and Trends. International Journal of Theoretical & Applied Computational Intelligence, 2026. https://doi.org/10.65278/IJTACI.2026.2

Bers, M. (2019). Coding as a playground: Promoting positive learning experiences in childhood classrooms. Computers and Education, 138, 130–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.04.013

Denner, J., & Werner, L. (2021). Teaching and Learning Computer Science in Context: Equity, Ethics, and Engagement. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 30(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-020-09876-6

Didion, L., Toste, J. R., & Filderman, M. J. (2020). Teacher Professional Development and Student Reading Achievement: A Meta-Analytic Review of the Effects. Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness, 13(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/19345747.2019.1670884

Fuerst, T. J., Camba, J. D., Mazumdar, A., & Koellisch, J. (2025, June). Enterprise PDM as Digital Backbone in a Large First-Year Engineering Course. In 2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition. https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--56431

Grover, S., & Pea, R. (2013). Computational Thinking in K--12: A Review of the State of the Field. Educational Researcher, 42(1), 38–43. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X12463054

Hativa, N. (2021). Who Is the Effective Teacher in Higher Education? A Multidimensional Framework. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 70, 101042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2021.101042

Hidayah, N., Pratama, A., & Rahmawati, L. (2026). Exploring Students’ Conceptual Understanding of Mathematical Modeling through Inquiry-Based Learning Experiences. Qriset Indonesia Journal of Mathematics and Natural Science, 1(1), 01-11.

Ismail, R., Retnawati, H., Sugiman, & Imawan, O. R. (2024). Construct validity of mathematics high order thinking skills instrument with cultural context: Confirmatory factor analysis. ICMS5, 3150(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0228143

Isvik, A., & Krumsvik, R. J. (2023). Character Education in Digital Learning Environments: A Systematic Review. Computers & Education, 185, 104502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2022.104502

Jaakma, K., & Kiviluoma, P. (2026). Iterative course development method for teaching—A case of simulation-based design course. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education, 03064190261420703.

Kim, L. E., Jörg, V., & Klassen, R. M. (2019). A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Teacher Personality on Teacher Effectiveness and Burnout. Educational Psychology Review, 31. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-018-9458-2

Kvale, K., Stensmo, H., & Øgaard, T. (2022). Teacher Qualifications and Student Outcomes in STEM: A Meta-Analytic Review. Educational Research Review, 36, 100458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2022.100458

Liao, K. X. (2025). Conformity and Creativity in Conflict: Cognitive Pluralism and the Reimagining of Educational Aims. SSRN 5330040. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5330040

Lindström, B., & Samuelsson, L. (2021). Ethics and Creativity in Programming Education: Towards a Holistic Approach. ACM Transactions on Computing Education, 21(3), Article 19. https://doi.org/10.1145/3446889

Lister, R. (2020). On the Need for Creativity in Programming Education. ACM Inroads, 11(4), 42–47. https://doi.org/10.1145/3424014

Lucas, B., Claxton, G., & Spencer, E. (2019a). Developing Creative Students: A Practical Guide for Teachers. RSA and University of Winchester.

Lucas, B., Claxton, G., & Spencer, E. (2019b). Developing Creative Students. Educational Research, 61(2), 143–163. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2019.1593773

Luo, K., Yang, Y., Chachar, S., Zhong, C., Chen, M., Xiong, J., ... & Huang, F. (2026). AI-driven pilot platforms and computational pharmaceutics: accelerating innovation in small molecule drug development under industry 4.0 and 5.0 paradigms. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 17, 1681040. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2026.1681040

Mahon, D., Arnab, S., Avezahra, M. H., Fadhli, M., Mahon, A., Masters, A., ... & Wimpenny, K. (2025). The Impact of Education on Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Sospol, 11(3), 155-171. https://doi.org/10.22219/jurnalsospol.v11i3.43410

McCartney, R., Tenenberg, J., & Vahrenhold, J. (2020). The Role of Cognitive and Non-Cognitive Factors in Learning to Program. Computer Science Education, 30(2), 107–129. https://doi.org/10.1080/08993408.2020.1750132

McPhail, G. (2020). Twenty-first century learning and the case for more knowledge about knowledge. New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies, 55(2), 387-404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40841-020-00172-2

Mirshahi, F., Ghazani, Z. S., & Semnani, A. S. (2025). The Effect of Applying the PDCF Model on the Performance of the General Mathematical Problem-Solving. International Journal of Mathematical Modelling & Computations, 15(2), 41-52. https://doi.org/10.71932/ijm.2025.1199913

Muhali, M. (2021). Pengaruh Implementasi Model Creative Problem Solving Terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah, Keterampilan Proses Sains, Dan Kesadaran Metakognisi Peserta Didik. Lensa Jurnal Kependidikan Fisika, 9(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.33394/j-lkf.v9i1.4261

Nugroho, M. N. (2016). Reorientation and Renewal of Indonesia Economy Education Curriculum Paradigm based on Creative Economy, Character Education and Local Cultural Values. Proceedings of the 2016 Global Conference on Business, Management and Entrepreneurship. https://doi.org/10.2991/gcbme-16.2016.7

Pebriani, L. Y., Demitra, & Haryani, D. (2023). Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Pada Siswa Yang Mengalami Pembelajaran Menggunakan Model Treffinger. Buletin Edukasi Indonesia, 2(01), 10–17. https://doi.org/10.56741/bei.v2i01.168

Pratiwi, R. W. (2021). Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika Ummy Solok Dalam Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Dengan Pendekatan Open Ended. Theorems (The Journal of Mathematics), 6(1), 39–49. https://doi.org/10.36665/theorems.v6i1.554

Robertson, A., Bos, J. J., Fridman, I., & Grocott, L. (2025). Creative, effective, transformative: creative learning and educator practice in education for sustainable development. Environmental Education Research. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2025.2543013

Ryan, M., Carlton, K. H., & Ali, N. S. (2004). Reflections on the role of faculty in distance learning and changing pedagogies. Nursing Education Perspectives, 25(2), 73-80.

Schroder, M. J. (2022). Creative insights: Senior school teachers’ experience of creativity in Queensland across the curriculum [PhD thesis, Queensland University of Technology]. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/234108/

Siregar, S. L. A., Mulyono, M., & Surya, E. (2023). Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis RME Berbantuan Macromedia Flash Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematisdan Self-Efficacy Siswa. Jurnal Cendekia Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 7(1), 223–239. https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v7i1.1973

Tao, Y., Meng, Y., Gao, Z., & Yang, X. (2022). Perceived teacher support, student engagement, and academic achievement: a meta-analysis. Educational Psychology, 42. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2022.2033168

Vihavainen, A., Hellas, A., & Luukkainen, M. (2014). Predicting Student Performance in an Introductory Programming Course Using Machine Learned Features. IEEE Transactions on Education, 57(2), 86–93. https://doi.org/10.1109/TE.2013.2274433

Watson, G., & Weerasinghe, A. (2022). The Influence of Instructor Characteristics on Student Engagement in Introductory Programming. IEEE Transactions on Education, 65(2), 148–157. https://doi.org/10.1109/TE.2021.3119112

Yadav, A. R., & Singh, C. K. (2026). An Exploration of Teaching Strategies That Promote Problem-Solving and Higher-Order Thinking Skills. International Journal of Engineering Science & Humanities, 16(1), 100-109.

Zaharin, N. L., Sharif, S., & Mariappan, M. (2018). Computational Thinking: A Strategy for Developing Problem Solving Skills and Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(10). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v8-i10/5297

Zong, Y., & Yang, L. (2025). How AI‐enhanced social–emotional learning framework transforms EFL students' engagement and emotional well‐being. European Journal of Education, 60(1), e12925. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12925

Published
2026-05-08
How to Cite
Darmojo, H. S., Siswosuharjo, P., Rossa, M. A., Al-Bahra, & Qohar, A. (2026). Pedagogy, Personality, and Proficiency: Disentangling the Effects of Character-Creativity Instruction and Instructor Qualifications on Student Achievement in Program Design Methodology. Journal La Edusci, 7(3), 576-587. https://doi.org/10.37899/journallaedusci.v7i3.3003