The Effect of Transformational Leadership Style and Teamwork Solidity on Employee Performance
JEL Classification: M12, M54, J24, H83, L32
Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of transformational leadership style and teamwork solidarity on employee performance at the Makassar Harbormaster and Main Port Authority Office. This research was conducted at the Makassar Harbormaster and Main Port Authority Office. The design used in this study was a causality study. Data were collected through questionnaires, observations, and literature review. Data were analyzed using research instrument testing, classical assumption testing with multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing. The results of this study found and showed that the results of partial statistical tests (t-test) transformational leadership style has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, teamwork solidity has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The results of simultaneous statistical tests (F-test) showed that transformational leadership style and teamwork solidity have a positive and significant effect on employee performance at the Makassar Harbormaster and Main Port Authority Office. Transformational leadership style and teamwork solidity have a very strong influence on employee performance of 84.7%. These results provide an illustration that the transformational leadership style and teamwork solidity that have been implemented at the Makassar Harbormaster and Main Port Authority Office have been very good and have made a major contribution to improving organizational performance.
References
Abukalusa, K., & Oosthuizen, R. (2025). An adaptive organisational leadership framework through systems thinking. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 33(8), 2673-2703. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-07-2024-4635
Ali, H. K. (2021). Rancangan percobaan: Teori & aplikasi. USP.
Andrianto, B., & Prasetyo, D. (2021). Synergy of transformational leadership and teamwork quality in improving organizational performance. Jurnal Manajemen Strategis, 17(2), 178–195.
Anwar, G., & Abdullah, N. N. (2021). The impact of Human resource management practice on Organizational performance. International journal of Engineering, Business and Management (IJEBM), 5.
Aritonang, F. N. T., Arkady, J. C., Torindatu, L. A. R., & Silalahi, V. A. J. M. (2025). Indonesia's Position as a Maritime Axis in the Global Logistics Chain. JIPOWER: Journal of Intellectual Power, 2(1), 110-123. https://doi.org/10.63786/jipower.v2i1.38
Awashreh, R. (2025). Leadership strategies for managing change and fostering innovation over private higher education: Academic institutions in Oman. In Evolving strategies for organizational management and performance evaluation (pp. 399-422). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-0149-5.ch018
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership. Sage Publications.
Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2021). Transformational leadership (3rd ed.). Psychology Press.
Bass, B. M., Avolio, B. J., Berson, Y., & Jung, D. I. (2017). Predicting unit performance by assessing transformational and transactional leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(2), 207–218.
Bertolini, H., Corbière, M., Negrini, A., Larivière, N., Villotti, P., Prévost, D., ... & O’Hagan, F. (2026). Managing Complexity: Manager–Stakeholder Communication, Relational Dynamics, and the Dual Nature of RTW Communication. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-026-10391-x
Blau, P. M. (2020). Exchange and power in social life. Routledge.
Boikanyo, D. H. (2025). Adaptive Leadership in Times of Organizational Change Driven by. Contemporary perspectives on organizational behaviour, 37.
Domingues, L. C., Saltorato, P., & Sigahi, T. F. (2026). Cultural differences in lean employee engagement management programs: multiple case studies in Brazil and China. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLSS-01-2025-0019
Elhag, G. M., Mahar, S., Akram, M. W., & Khan, N. (2026). Employee participation, training, and performance appraisal as determinants of employee retention: An empirical analysis of KSA universities. Journal of Management Practices, Humanities and Social Sciences, 10(1), 31-42.
Ghozali, I. (2018). Aplikasi analisis multivariate dengan program IBM SPSS 25. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Hidayat, R., & Rahman, A. (2022). The influence of transformational leadership on innovative employee performance: A study of Indonesian shipping companies. Indonesian Journal of Business and Management, 8(2), 145–162.
Indrati, B., Susanti, E., Hermawan, A., Mubarok, H., & Fauzi, S. S. M. (2026). Teachers’ Organizational Commitment: Effects of Support, Servant Leadership, Personality, and Job Satisfaction. Indonesian Journal on Learning and Advanced Education (IJOLAE), 131-152. https://doi.org/10.23917/ijolae.v8i1.12388
Izteleuova, M., Arimbekova, P., Murzabekova, K., & Alik, A. (2024). Features of development and efficiency of transport logistics infrastructure. Acta Commercii, 24(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.4102/ac.v24i1.1235
Katzenbach, J. R., & Smith, D. K. (2020). The wisdom of teams: Creating the high-performance organization. Harvard Business Review Press.
Kurniawan, A., & Susanti, E. (2023). The synergistic effect of transformational leadership and teamwork on performance in complex organizations. Jurnal Administrasi Publik dan Pemerintahan, 10(1), 67–84.
Luthans, F., Luthans, B. C., & Luthans, K. W. (2021). Organizational behavior: An evidence-based approach (14th ed.). Information Age Publishing.
Mangkunegara, A. A. A. P., & Octored. (2015). Effect of work discipline and transformational leadership on job satisfaction and organizational commitment at PT Dada Indonesia. Universal Journal of Management.
Nabilla, Z., Husen, A., Purwandari, D. A., Dwiana, B. D., & Dwiputri, L. J. (2025). Unraveling organizational behavior problems in startup agencies through analysis methods and literature studies. Jurnal Syntax Admiration, 6(7), 1511-1523.
Nasution, S., Thamrin, M., Rahardjo, S., & Saputra, D. P. (2024). Guide Professionalism, Guide Services, Ship Security, and Shipping Safety for Smooth Ship Traffic at Indonesia's Main Ports. Dinasti International Journal of Education Management & Social Science, 6(2).
Northouse, P. G. (2021). Leadership: Theory and practice (9th ed.). Sage Publications.
Nugroho, S. H. (2022). The role of human resources management in organizational perspective. Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances, 10(3), 012-018.
Omowole, B. M., Olufemi-Philips, A. Q., Ofadile, O. C., Eyo-Udo, N. L., & Ewim, S. E. (2024). Barriers and drivers of digital transformation in SMEs: A conceptual analysis. International Journal of Frontline Research in Multidisciplinary Studies, 5(2), 019-036.
Pratama, D. A., & Kusuma, H. (2021). Teamwork solidarity and employee performance: A study at Indonesian logistics service companies. Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia, 15(2), 201–218.
Rane, N., Choudhary, S. P., & Rane, J. (2024). Acceptance of artificial intelligence: key factors, challenges, and implementation strategies. Journal of Applied Artificial Intelligence, 5(2), 50-70. https://doi.org/10.48185/jaai.v5i2.1017
Razali, M. A., Din, N., Rezo, K. H., Zainol, N., Akhir, I. M., & Saber, J. M. (2024). Enhancing management performance in rapidly changing organizations: a conceptual exploration. Jurnal Intelek, 19(2), 12-24.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2020). Organizational behavior (18th ed.). Pearson Education Limited.
Saputra, I. G. N., & Mahaputra, I. N. K. A. (2021). The effect of transformational leadership on employee performance with work motivation as an intervening variable. Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis, 18(1), 78–95.
Sari, N. P., & Wibowo, A. (2023). Teamwork solidarity as a predictor of collective performance in complex organizations: The mediating role of interpersonal trust. Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen, 19(1), 134–151.
Snekubun, E., & Supriyadi, A. A. (2025). Hexa-Helix collaboration model for strengthening the maritime defense industry in eastern Indonesia: A strategic policy analysis. Journal of Marine Problems and Threats, 2(1), 47-62. https://doi.org/10.61511/jmarpt.v2i1.2025.2085
Sugiyono. (2020). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Sun, L. Y., Aryee, S., & Law, K. S. (2007). High-performance human resource practices, citizenship behavior, and organizational performance: A relational perspective. Academy of management Journal, 50(3), 558-577. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2007.25525821
Suparman, S., Kasiono, R., Sugiyanto, S., Dormawaty, R., & Ridwan, M. E. (2026). Analysis of Security Management for Passenger Services at the Tanjung Priok Port Passenger Terminal. Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia (JIM-ID), 5(04), 781-790.
Susanto, P. C., Darwisman, S., & Widiyanto, P. (2026). Determination of employee job satisfaction and productivity of port loading and unloading workers: A literature review. Jurnal Publikasi Sistem Informasi Dan Manajemen Bisnis, 5(2), 38-61.
Tariq, M. U. (2026). The influence of leadership styles on innovation: Driving change through effective leadership. In The impact of innovation in leadership (pp. 249-274). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-2402-9.ch010
Tuyen, N. C. B. (2025). Transformation of traditional to modern leaderships in the vuca environment. International Journal of Professional Business Review: Int. J. Prof. Bus. Rev., 10(3), 7.
Vo, T. T. D. (2025). Should performance-oriented organisational culture or learning-oriented organisational model be encouraged to employees: a context of Vietnam. Human Resource Development International, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2025.2595926
Widyanti, A. A. (2025). BUSINESS LICENSING AND LOGISTICS IN INDONESIA: CHALLENGES AND IMPROVEMENTS. Jurnal BPPK: Badan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Keuangan, 18(2), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.48108/jurnalbppk.v18i2.917
Wijaya, C., Susanto, B., & Hermawan, D. (2023). Transformational leadership and employee performance in government institutions: The mediating role of organizational commitment. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 14(1), 112–128.
Wijayanti, R., Firmansyah, A., & Hidayah, N. (2022). Interaction of transformational leadership and team solidarity in shaping high-performance culture. Indonesian Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 6(2), 145–163.
Yukl, G. (2020). Leadership in organizations (9th ed.). Pearson Education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal La Bisecoman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
